Avancera Ord - Kapitel 2
1. att anse verb
To hold a particular opinion or belief about something; to consider, deem, or regard in a specific way.
Context: A formal verb used to express a considered opinion or judgment. It's more common in writing and formal speech than in casual conversation, where 'tycker' (to think/find) is often preferred. 'Anse' implies a more deliberate or established viewpoint.
Examples:
- Jag anser att detta är den bästa lösningen.
(I consider this to be the best solution.) - Han anses vara en expert inom sitt område.
(He is considered an expert in his field.) - Vad anser du om det nya förslaget?
(What is your opinion on the new proposal?)
2. att anställa verb
To give someone a job; to hire or employ a person for a paid position.
Context: The verb 'anställa' is used in a professional or business context. It refers to the act of a company, organization, or individual officially giving someone a job and putting them on the payroll. It's the standard term for hiring or employing staff.
Examples:
- Företaget planerar att anställa tio nya ingenjörer i år.
(The company plans to hire ten new engineers this year.) - Hon blev anställd som den nya projektledaren.
(She was hired as the new project manager.) - Det är dyrt att anställa ny personal.
(It is expensive to hire new staff.)
3. en avdelning noun
A distinct part or division of a larger organization, building, or document. It can refer to a department in a company, a ward in a hospital, a section in a store, or a chapter in a book.
Context: Commonly used in professional or institutional settings to refer to a specific part of a larger entity. For example, you would talk about the 'sales department' (försäljningsavdelningen) at a company, the 'children's ward' (barnavdelningen) at a hospital, or the 'dairy section' (mejeriavdelningen) in a supermarket.
Examples:
- Hon arbetar på ekonomiavdelningen.
(She works in the finance department.) - Patienten flyttades till en annan avdelning på sjukhuset.
(The patient was moved to another ward in the hospital.) - Var hittar jag leksaksavdelningen?
(Where can I find the toy department?)
4. en avgift noun
A fee, charge, or due that is paid for a service, membership, or right.
Context: The word 'avgift' is commonly used for various types of payments. This includes membership fees (medlemsavgift), administrative charges (administrativ avgift), parking fees (parkeringsavgift), or late fees (förseningsavgift). It's a general term for a required payment for a specific service or right.
Examples:
- Du måste betala en årlig avgift för att vara medlem i gymmet.
(You have to pay an annual fee to be a member of the gym.) - Banken tar ut en avgift för internationella överföringar.
(The bank charges a fee for international transfers.) - Är det en inträdesavgift till museet?
(Is there an entrance fee for the museum?)
5. att begränsa verb
To set a limit or boundary on something; to restrict the size, amount, or extent of something.
Context: The verb 'att begränsa' is used when talking about setting a boundary or a limit on something. This can be a physical limit, like restricting access to an area, or an abstract one, like limiting power, freedom, or expenses. It's a common word in discussions about rules, regulations, budgets, and personal boundaries.
Examples:
- Vi måste begränsa antalet deltagare.
(We need to limit the number of participants.) - Den nya lagen kommer att begränsa yttrandefriheten.
(The new law will restrict freedom of speech.) - Försök att begränsa ditt sockerintag.
(Try to limit your sugar intake.)
6. att behålla verb
To keep, retain, or hold on to something, preventing it from being lost, taken away, or given away.
Context: The verb 'att behålla' is used when you want to express the action of keeping or retaining something. This can apply to physical objects (like keeping a gift), abstract concepts (like retaining control or keeping a secret), or maintaining a state (like keeping calm). It's a very common verb in everyday Swedish.
Examples:
- Du får behålla växeln.
(You can keep the change.) - Det är viktigt att behålla en positiv attityd.
(It's important to retain a positive attitude.) - Hon bestämde sig för att behålla de gamla fotografierna.
(She decided to keep the old photographs.)
7. besviken adjective
Feeling sad or displeased because someone or something has failed to fulfill one's hopes or expectations.
Context: Used to describe the feeling of being let down by a person, an outcome, or an experience. It's a common emotional state expressed when expectations have not been met, for instance, after a poor performance, a broken promise, or an unsatisfying meal. Note that the word changes form based on the noun it describes: 'besviken' for 'en' words, 'besviket' for 'ett' words, and 'besvikna' for plural.
Examples:
- Jag blev så besviken på filmen.
(I was so disappointed with the movie.) - Hon tittade på honom med en besviken min.
(She looked at him with a disappointed expression.) - De besvikna fansen lämnade arenan.
(The disappointed fans left the stadium.)
8. bortom preposition
Indicates a position on the other side of, or further away than, a particular point. It can be used for physical locations (beyond the hill) as well as for abstract concepts (beyond my understanding).
Context: Used to describe something's location relative to another point, meaning 'on the other side of' or 'further than'. It's frequently used in both literal, geographical contexts (e.g., 'beyond the mountains') and in figurative or abstract senses (e.g., 'beyond comprehension', 'beyond all doubt').
Examples:
- Huset ligger bortom kullen.
(The house is located beyond the hill.) - Hans agerande var bortom all kritik.
(His actions were beyond all criticism.) - Det är bortom min fattningsförmåga.
(It is beyond my comprehension.)
9. emellertid adverb
A formal adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or contradicts what has just been said. It is a more formal equivalent of 'men' (but).
Context: Emellertid is primarily used in written language and formal speech, such as in academic papers, news articles, and official reports. It adds a formal tone and is less common in casual, everyday conversation where 'men' (but) is preferred.
Examples:
- Planen var bra, emellertid fanns det inte tillräckligt med pengar för att genomföra den.
(The plan was good; however, there was not enough money to implement it.) - Han är mycket intelligent. Emellertid kan han ibland vara ganska lat.
(He is very intelligent. Nevertheless, he can sometimes be quite lazy.) - Forskningen visar lovande resultat, emellertid behövs fler studier för att bekräfta slutsatserna.
(The research shows promising results; however, more studies are needed to confirm the conclusions.)
10. envis adjective
Describes someone who is determined to do what they want and refuses to change their mind or be persuaded by others. It can have both a negative connotation (stubborn, obstinate) and a positive one (persistent, determined).
Context: This word is often used to describe a person's personality trait. Depending on the situation, it can be seen as a negative quality (like a child refusing to cooperate) or a positive one (like an athlete who doesn't give up). The nuance often depends on the outcome and the speaker's perspective.
Examples:
- Min son är så envis, han vägrar att äta sina grönsaker.
(My son is so stubborn, he refuses to eat his vegetables.) - Hon är en envis kämpe som aldrig ger upp sina drömmar.
(She is a persistent fighter who never gives up on her dreams.) - Åsnan var envis och ville inte röra sig ur fläcken.
(The donkey was stubborn and wouldn't move an inch.)
11. att förbli verb
To continue to be in a particular state, condition, or place; to stay or persist. It is often used in more formal or written contexts than its synonyms 'stanna' (to stay) or 'fortsätta vara' (to continue to be).
Context: The verb 'förbli' is typically used in more formal, literary, or official language. You might encounter it in news articles, legal documents, or formal speeches when discussing a situation, a law, or a person's state that continues without change. In casual conversation, Swedes are more likely to use 'stanna kvar' (to stay put) or 'fortsätta vara' (to continue to be).
Examples:
- Trots pressen förblev hon sina principer trogen.
(Despite the pressure, she remained true to her principles.) - Frågan kommer troligtvis att förbli obesvarad.
(The question will likely remain unanswered.) - Han valde att förbli tyst under hela förhöret.
(He chose to remain silent throughout the interrogation.)
12. en fördel noun
An advantage, benefit, or a positive aspect of something that puts one in a favorable position.
Context: Used when discussing the positive aspects or 'pros' of a situation, decision, or object. It's common in comparisons, evaluations, and when highlighting something beneficial. The opposite is 'en nackdel' (a disadvantage).
Examples:
- Det är en stor fördel att kunna tala flera språk.
(It is a big advantage to be able to speak several languages.) - En fördel med att bo i staden är närheten till affärer.
(One advantage of living in the city is the proximity to shops.) - Varje alternativ har sina fördelar och nackdelar.
(Every option has its advantages and disadvantages.)
13. att föredra verb
To like one thing or person better than another; to choose or want one thing rather than another.
Context: Used to express a preference for one thing over another. It's a common way to state what you would rather have, do, or choose when presented with multiple options. It can be used for concrete things like food and colors, or for more abstract choices and actions.
Examples:
- Jag föredrar kaffe framför te.
(I prefer coffee to tea.) - Vilken film skulle du föredra att se?
(Which movie would you prefer to see?) - Det är att föredra att boka i förväg.
(It is preferable to book in advance.)
14. förgäves adverb
Describes an action that is done without success, without achieving the desired result, or without any effect. It implies that the effort was wasted.
Context: Used to express that an attempt or effort has failed. It often carries a tone of disappointment or futility, for example, when searching for something that cannot be found, trying to change a situation that is unchangeable, or attempting to persuade someone who will not listen.
Examples:
- Vi letade förgäves efter nycklarna.
(We searched in vain for the keys.) - Allt vårt hårda arbete var förgäves.
(All our hard work was in vain.) - Han försökte förgäves att övertyga dem.
(He tried in vain to convince them.)
15. ett förhållande noun
A noun with two primary meanings. The most common is 'a relationship', referring to the connection between two people, often romantic. The second meaning is 'a condition', 'circumstance', or 'ratio', referring to the state of things or the relation between two amounts.
Context: The most frequent use of 'förhållande' is to describe a romantic relationship between two people. However, it can also describe other personal connections, like with family or colleagues. In a more formal or abstract sense, it's used to talk about conditions or circumstances, often in the plural form 'förhållanden'. For instance, you might discuss 'arbetsförhållanden' (working conditions) or 'väderförhållanden' (weather conditions).
Examples:
- De har haft ett långt och lyckligt förhållande.
(They have had a long and happy relationship.) - Jag har ett bra förhållande till mina föräldrar.
(I have a good relationship with my parents.) - Under rådande förhållanden är det bäst att stanna hemma.
(Under the prevailing conditions, it is best to stay at home.)
16. att förvandla verb
To change something or someone completely into something different; to transform, convert, or turn into.
Context: The verb 'att förvandla' is used to describe a significant change or conversion from one state, form, or character to another. It can be used in both literal and figurative senses, from magical transformations in fairy tales (a prince into a frog) to practical conversions (an old factory into apartments) or personal development (a shy person becoming confident).
Examples:
- Häxan förvandlade prinsen till en groda.
(The witch transformed the prince into a frog.) - De ska förvandla det gamla lagret till ett modernt konstgalleri.
(They will convert the old warehouse into a modern art gallery.) - Med lite färg kan du förvandla hela rummet.
(With a little paint, you can transform the whole room.)
17. att godkänna verb
To formally agree to or accept something as satisfactory; to give official permission or sanction.
Context: The verb 'att godkänna' is used in formal and official contexts, such as when a committee approves a proposal, a bank approves a loan application, or a user accepts terms and conditions. It can also be used more informally, like a parent approving of a child's choice.
Examples:
- Styrelsen måste godkänna den nya budgeten.
(The board has to approve the new budget.) - Banken godkände inte min låneansökan.
(The bank did not approve my loan application.) - Du måste godkänna villkoren för att använda tjänsten.
(You must accept the terms to use the service.)
18. att indela verb
To divide or separate something into parts, groups, or categories; to classify or organize.
Context: The verb 'indela' is used when systematically dividing or organizing something into distinct sections, categories, or groups. It's common in academic, administrative, and organizational contexts, such as dividing a text into chapters, classifying species, or structuring a project into phases.
Examples:
- Boken är indelad i tio kapitel.
(The book is divided into ten chapters.) - Vi måste indela projektet i mindre uppgifter.
(We need to divide the project into smaller tasks.) - Deltagarna indelades i grupper baserat på deras kunskapsnivå.
(The participants were divided into groups based on their skill level.)
19. inför preposition
A preposition indicating the time leading up to an event, often implying preparation or anticipation. It can be translated as 'before', 'prior to', 'in advance of', or 'in the face of'. It is generally more formal than the word 'före'.
Context: Used when talking about preparations for a significant event (like a holiday, a trip, or a meeting), or when facing a challenge or an authority (like a court or a committee). For example, 'inför julen' (before Christmas) or 'inför ett svårt beslut' (facing a difficult decision).
Examples:
- Vi måste städa hela huset inför festen.
(We have to clean the whole house before the party.) - Han kände sig nervös inför sin anställningsintervju.
(He felt nervous in advance of his job interview.) - Företaget presenterade sin nya strategi inför styrelsen.
(The company presented its new strategy before the board.)
20. ett innehåll noun
The substance or material held or included within something, such as the topics in a book, the ingredients in a recipe, or the data in a file. The word 'ett' before it signifies that it is a neuter noun.
Context: The word 'innehåll' is used broadly to describe what is inside something, both physically and abstractly. It can refer to the contents of a container (like a box or a bottle), the subject matter of a book, film, or website (digital content), or the substance of a discussion or argument.
Examples:
- Bokens innehåll var mycket intressant.
(The book's content was very interesting.) - Var god och kontrollera innehållet i din väska.
(Please check the contents of your bag.) - Webbplatsen uppdateras ständigt med nytt innehåll.
(The website is constantly updated with new content.)
21. att medge verb
To admit that something is true, especially reluctantly; to concede or acknowledge a fact, a mistake, or a point in an argument.
Context: The verb 'att medge' is used when someone acknowledges a fact, often one that is disadvantageous to them or that they were previously denying. It's common in formal discussions, legal contexts, or debates, but also in everyday conversations when conceding a point or admitting a personal feeling or mistake.
Examples:
- Han var tvungen att medge att hon hade rätt.
(He had to admit that she was right.) - Företaget medgav till slut att produkten hade en defekt.
(The company finally conceded that the product had a defect.) - Jag måste medge att utsikten är bättre än jag förväntade mig.
(I must admit, the view is better than I expected.)
22. att motsvara verb
To correspond to, to be equivalent to, or to match something in value, size, importance, or function.
Context: The verb 'motsvara' is used to express equivalence or correspondence between two things. It can be used when comparing values (like currency), qualifications for a job, or when something lives up to expectations. It's similar to saying something 'is equal to', 'matches', or 'corresponds to' something else.
Examples:
- En euro motsvarar ungefär elva svenska kronor.
(One euro is equivalent to about eleven Swedish kronor.) - Hans kvalifikationer motsvarar inte kraven för tjänsten.
(His qualifications do not correspond to the requirements for the position.) - Resultatet motsvarade våra förväntningar.
(The result met our expectations.)
23. omedelbart adverb
Describes something that happens right away, without any delay or waiting. It emphasizes the lack of time between two events.
Context: Used to emphasize that an action should happen or does happen without any delay. It's common in instructions, commands, and when describing a cause-and-effect relationship that occurs instantly.
Examples:
- Du måste ringa polisen omedelbart!
(You have to call the police immediately!) - När jag tryckte på knappen stängdes maskinen av omedelbart.
(When I pressed the button, the machine shut down instantly.) - Vi behöver ett svar omedelbart.
(We need an answer right away.)
24. oväsen noun
A loud, unpleasant, and disturbing sound; noise, din, or racket. The prefix 'o-' negates 'väsen' (which can mean 'being' or 'sound/fuss'), implying a 'bad sound' or disorder.
Context: This word is commonly used to describe any kind of unwanted, loud sound. You might use it to complain about noisy neighbors, a loud party, traffic noise, or children making a racket. It always carries a negative connotation of being disruptive or annoying. The common verb phrase is "föra oväsen", which means "to make noise".
Examples:
- Jag kunde inte sova på grund av oväsendet från grannarnas fest.
(I couldn't sleep because of the noise from the neighbors' party.) - Barnen förde ett sådant oväsen på skolgården.
(The children were making such a racket in the schoolyard.) - Kan ni snälla sluta föra oväsen? Jag försöker arbeta.
(Can you please stop making noise? I'm trying to work.)
25. att upptäcka verb
To discover, find, or detect something or someone, often for the first time or unexpectedly. It implies becoming aware of something that was previously unknown or hidden.
Context: The verb 'att upptäcka' is used in a wide range of contexts, from historical explorations and scientific breakthroughs to personal realizations and everyday findings. It can refer to discovering a new place (like an explorer), a new fact (like a scientist), a new talent in oneself, or simply detecting something that was previously unnoticed, like a mistake in a text or a symptom of an illness.
Examples:
- Hon upptäckte en gammal karta på vinden.
(She discovered an old map in the attic.) - Forskare försöker ständigt att upptäcka nya arter.
(Scientists are constantly trying to discover new species.) - Det är viktigt att upptäcka felet innan det är för sent.
(It's important to detect the error before it's too late.)