Avancera Ord - Kapitel 5

1. att anmärka verb

To make a comment or remark, often to point out a fault, error, or something noteworthy. It can range from a neutral observation to a mild criticism.

Context: This verb is often used in formal or semi-formal settings, such as meetings, reviews, or academic contexts. When followed by the preposition 'på' (anmärka på), it almost always implies criticism or pointing out a flaw. Without 'på', it can be a more neutral remark.

Examples:

1. Läraren var tvungen att anmärka på elevens stavning.
   (The teacher had to remark on the student's spelling.)
2. Har någon något att anmärka innan vi går vidare?
   (Does anyone have anything to comment on before we move on?)
3. Han anmärkte att mötet var längre än vanligt.
   (He remarked that the meeting was longer than usual.)

2. att anordna verb

To plan, arrange, and carry out an event or activity, taking care of all the necessary preparations.

Context: The verb 'anordna' is used when talking about planning and setting up events, activities, or gatherings. It covers everything from organizing a small party to arranging a large-scale conference or festival. It implies taking responsibility for the logistics and execution.

Examples:

1. Vi ska anordna en fest för hennes födelsedag.
   (We are going to organize a party for her birthday.)
2. Företaget anordnade en konferens för alla anställda.
   (The company arranged a conference for all employees.)
3. Vem är ansvarig för att anordna tävlingen?
   (Who is responsible for organizing the competition?)

3. att ansöka verb

To formally request or make an application for something, such as a job, permit, loan, or admission to an educational institution.

Context: The verb 'att ansöka' is used when formally requesting something, typically in writing. Common contexts include applying for a job ('ansöka om ett jobb'), a loan ('ansöka om ett lån'), a permit ('ansöka om tillstånd'), or admission to a university ('ansöka till ett universitet'). It implies a formal process of submitting an application.

Examples:

1. Jag ska ansöka om det där jobbet.
   (I am going to apply for that job.)
2. Hon måste ansöka om visum för att resa till USA.
   (She has to apply for a visa to travel to the USA.)
3. Har du ansökt till universitetet än?
   (Have you applied to the university yet?)

4. ett antal noun

An indefinite quantifier meaning an unspecified quantity or number of something. It is equivalent to the English phrases 'a number of' or 'several'. The core word 'antal' is a noun.

Context: Used to refer to a group of countable items, people, or concepts when the exact count is either unknown or not important. It's a common phrase in both spoken and written Swedish, similar to saying 'several' or 'a few'.

Examples:

1. Ett antal studenter väntade utanför klassrummet.
   (A number of students were waiting outside the classroom.)
2. Vi diskuterade ett antal olika lösningar på problemet.
   (We discussed a number of different solutions to the problem.)
3. Hon har vunnit ett antal priser för sin forskning.
   (She has won a number of awards for her research.)

5. att avgöra verb

To make a final and conclusive decision or judgment about something, often to settle a dispute, question, or competition.

Context: The verb "att avgöra" is used when making a final decision, settling a matter, or determining an outcome. It's common in legal contexts (a judge deciding a case), sports (a final point determining the winner), and in situations where a conclusive judgment is needed. It often implies that there was a preceding conflict, uncertainty, or competition that is now being resolved.

Examples:

1. Domaren kommer att avgöra fallet nästa vecka.
   (The judge will decide the case next week.)
2. Det sista målet avgjorde matchen.
   (The last goal decided the match.)
3. Det kan vara svårt att avgöra vem som har rätt.
   (It can be difficult to determine who is right.)

6. att avråda verb

To advise someone against doing something; to dissuade someone from a course of action.

Context: This verb is used when giving negative advice or a warning. It's often used in more formal or serious situations, such as a doctor advising against a certain activity, a financial advisor warning against an investment, or strongly recommending a friend not to make a particular decision. The opposite is 'att tillråda' (to advise for).

Examples:

1. Jag måste avråda dig från att köpa den bilen.
   (I must advise you against buying that car.)
2. Läkaren avrådde honom från att resa.
   (The doctor advised him against traveling.)
3. Alla experter avråder från investeringen.
   (All the experts advise against the investment.)

7. att avskaffa verb

To formally put an end to a system, practice, or institution; to officially get rid of something.

Context: This verb is typically used in formal, political, or legal contexts. It refers to the official termination of things like laws, taxes, systems (like the monarchy), or established practices. It implies a deliberate and often permanent removal.

Examples:

1. Regeringen planerar att avskaffa den impopulära skatten.
   (The government is planning to abolish the unpopular tax.)
2. Många medborgare vill avskaffa monarkin.
   (Many citizens want to abolish the monarchy.)
3. Företaget beslutade att avskaffa flextid för alla anställda.
   (The company decided to do away with flextime for all employees.)

8. bekant adjective

As an adjective, 'bekant' means familiar or known. As a noun ('en bekant'), it refers to an acquaintance—someone you know, but not a close friend.

Context: You'll use 'bekant' as an adjective to describe something you recognize or have some knowledge of, like a 'bekant melodi' (a familiar melody) or a 'bekant ansikte' (a familiar face). It implies recognition without deep knowledge. When used as a noun, 'en bekant' (plural: 'bekanta'), it specifically means an acquaintance—a person you know, but who isn't a close friend. It's a very common way to describe people in your social circle who are more than strangers but less than friends.

Examples:

1. Melodin låter bekant, men jag kan inte placera den.
   (The melody sounds familiar, but I can't place it.)
2. Han är inte en vän, bara en bekant från jobbet.
   (He is not a friend, just an acquaintance from work.)
3. Är du bekant med den här författaren?
   (Are you familiar with this author?)

9. ett belopp noun

A sum or quantity of money. The word 'ett' before it signifies that it is a neuter noun.

Context: Used frequently in financial and commercial contexts, such as on invoices, receipts, bank statements, or when discussing prices and payments. It refers to a specific quantity of money.

Examples:

1. Det totala beloppet att betala är 500 kronor.
   (The total amount to pay is 500 kronor.)
2. Jag måste överföra ett stort belopp till mitt sparkonto.
   (I have to transfer a large amount to my savings account.)
3. Vilket belopp vill du donera?
   (What amount would you like to donate?)

10. att bestå verb

A versatile verb with two primary meanings: 1. To pass or succeed in a test, examination, or trial. 2. To consist of, to be composed of, or to be made up of certain parts or elements. It can also mean to endure or last over time.

Context: The word 'bestå' is commonly used in academic contexts when talking about passing exams ('bestå ett prov'). It is also frequently used to describe the composition of things, such as a meal, a team, or a material ('bestå av'). A third, slightly more formal or literary context, is to describe something that endures or remains, like a friendship or a building.

Examples:

1. Hon pluggade hårt för att bestå slutprovet.
   (She studied hard to pass the final exam.)
2. Kommittén består av fem medlemmar.
   (The committee consists of five members.)
3. Vår vänskap kommer att bestå.
   (Our friendship will endure.)

11. enbart adverb

Only, solely, or exclusively; used to indicate that something is limited to what is specified and nothing more.

Context: The word 'enbart' is an adverb used to emphasize limitation or exclusion. It is similar to the English 'only', 'solely', or 'exclusively'. While often interchangeable with 'bara' (another word for 'only'), 'enbart' can carry a slightly more formal or emphatic tone, stressing that nothing else is included or considered.

Examples:

1. Denna rabatt gäller enbart för studenter.
   (This discount applies exclusively to students.)
2. Jag gjorde det enbart för din skull.
   (I did it solely for your sake.)
3. Problemet är inte enbart tekniskt, utan även socialt.
   (The problem is not merely technical, but also social.)

12. att erkänna verb

To admit the truth of something, to confess to a fault or crime, or to acknowledge the existence, validity, or legality of something or someone.

Context: The verb "att erkänna" is used in various contexts, often when someone is admitting to something, whether it's a simple mistake, a difficult truth, or a crime. It can be used in formal settings, like legal proceedings or political discussions, as well as in personal relationships when someone confesses to a fault or acknowledges another person's feelings or point of view.

Examples:

1. Han var till slut tvungen att erkänna sitt misstag.
   (He finally had to acknowledge his mistake.)
2. Den misstänkte vägrade att erkänna brottet.
   (The suspect refused to confess to the crime.)
3. Vi måste erkänna att problemet är mer komplext än vi först trodde.
   (We must recognize that the problem is more complex than we first thought.)

13. att framkalla verb

To cause something to appear or happen; to evoke a feeling or memory. Also, to process photographic film to make an image visible.

Context: The word 'framkalla' has two primary meanings. The first, and perhaps most traditional, is in the context of photography, meaning 'to develop' film. The second, more common in modern usage, is to cause or evoke something, such as a feeling, a memory, or a reaction (like an allergic reaction).

Examples:

1. Jag måste lämna in filmen för att framkalla bilderna.
   (I need to take the film to the shop to get the photos developed.)
2. Vissa dofter kan framkalla starka barndomsminnen.
   (Certain smells can evoke strong childhood memories.)
3. Ämnet kan framkalla allergiska reaktioner.
   (The substance can cause allergic reactions.)

14. ett föremål noun

A physical object or item; something that can be seen and touched. It's a general term for a thing.

Context: A very common and general word used to refer to any physical thing, from everyday items around the house to artifacts in a museum ('museiföremål') or evidence in a police investigation. It's slightly more formal than the word 'sak' (thing).

Examples:

1. Vad är det för ett konstigt föremål på bordet?
   (What is that strange object on the table?)
2. Polisen hittade flera misstänkta föremål i lägenheten.
   (The police found several suspicious items in the apartment.)
3. Detta föremål är från 1700-talet och visas på museet.
   (This object is from the 18th century and is displayed at the museum.)

15. ett förhör noun

A formal questioning session, such as a police interrogation, a legal hearing in court, or an oral examination.

Context: Primarily used in legal and police contexts to describe the questioning of a suspect, witness, or defendant. It can also refer to a formal oral examination in an academic setting, like a doctoral defense. The tone is formal and serious.

Examples:

1. Polisen höll ett långt förhör med den misstänkte.
   (The police held a long interrogation with the suspect.)
2. Vittnet kallades till förhör i rätten.
   (The witness was called to a hearing in court.)
3. När jag kom hem sent utsattes jag för ett riktigt förhör av mina föräldrar.
   (When I came home late, I was subjected to a real interrogation by my parents.)

16. en förmåga noun

An ability, capacity, or skill to do something. It refers to the power or competence to perform a particular physical or mental task.

Context: This word is commonly used when discussing skills, talents, and personal qualities, for instance in job descriptions or when talking about someone's strengths. It can refer to both innate talents and learned skills, such as 'en musikalisk förmåga' (a musical ability) or 'förmågan att samarbeta' (the ability to cooperate).

Examples:

1. Hon har en otrolig förmåga att lära sig nya språk.
   (She has an incredible ability to learn new languages.)
2. Hans förmåga att lösa komplexa problem är imponerande.
   (His capacity to solve complex problems is impressive.)
3. Testet mäter studenternas kognitiva förmåga.
   (The test measures the students' cognitive ability.)

17. en gemenskap noun

A feeling of fellowship or togetherness with others who share common interests, attitudes, or goals. It can also refer to a group of people, a community, or a society.

Context: Used to describe the bond and shared identity within a group, whether it's a local neighborhood, a workplace, a religious congregation, or an online forum. It emphasizes a sense of belonging, mutual support, and shared experience.

Examples:

1. Det finns en stark gemenskap i den lilla byn.
   (There is a strong sense of community in the small village.)
2. De fann en gemenskap i sitt gemensamma intresse för musik.
   (They found a fellowship in their shared interest in music.)
3. Att känna gemenskap med andra är viktigt för välmåendet.
   (Feeling a sense of togetherness with others is important for well-being.)

18. att ingå verb

To be included in, to form a part of, or to enter into an agreement, contract, or relationship.

Context: The verb 'att ingå' is frequently used in contexts of inclusion, participation, and formal agreements. You'll see it when talking about what's included in a price (e.g., 'frukost ingår' - breakfast is included), joining a partnership or alliance ('ingå ett partnerskap'), or being a component of a larger whole ('ingå i en serie'). It carries a slightly more formal tone than simply 'to be part of'.

Examples:

1. Frukost ingår i priset.
   (Breakfast is included in the price.)
2. De två företagen bestämde sig för att ingå ett partnerskap.
   (The two companies decided to enter into a partnership.)
3. Denna bok ingår i en serie på tre.
   (This book is part of a series of three.)

19. ett inbrott noun

The crime of illegally entering a building, such as a house or an office, with the intention to commit a crime, especially theft.

Context: The word 'inbrott' is used when talking about the crime of breaking and entering. You'll hear it in news reports, police statements, and in conversations about home security or when someone has been the victim of a burglary. The definite form is 'inbrottet' (the burglary) and the plural is 'inbrott' (burglaries).

Examples:

1. Polisen utreder ett inbrott i villan.
   (The police are investigating a burglary in the house.)
2. Vi hade ett inbrott i lägenheten medan vi var på semester.
   (We had a break-in at our apartment while we were on vacation.)
3. Antalet inbrott har minskat i år.
   (The number of burglaries has decreased this year.)

20. ett motstånd noun

The act of opposing or withstanding something. It can refer to physical resistance (like in physics or electricity), political opposition or a resistance movement, or personal reluctance to accept something.

Context: This word is versatile and used in various contexts. In physics, it describes forces like air resistance ('luftmotstånd') or electrical resistance. In a political or social context, it refers to opposition or a resistance movement ('motståndsrörelse'). It can also describe a personal or psychological reluctance to do or accept something.

Examples:

1. Motståndsrörelsen kämpade mot ockupationen.
   (The resistance movement fought against the occupation.)
2. Han mötte starkt motstånd mot sina nya idéer.
   (He met strong resistance to his new ideas.)
3. Materialet erbjuder bra motstånd mot värme.
   (The material offers good resistance to heat.)

21. en påverkan noun

The effect or influence that one person, thing, or action has on another. It can be positive, negative, or neutral.

Context: The word 'påverkan' is widely used in various contexts, similar to 'impact' or 'influence' in English. It can describe environmental effects (e.g., 'miljöpåverkan' - environmental impact), social influence (the influence of media or friends), economic effects, or the impact on one's health or well-being.

Examples:

1. Människans påverkan på klimatet är ett allvarligt problem.
   (Humanity's impact on the climate is a serious problem.)
2. Sociala medier har en stor påverkan på unga människor.
   (Social media has a big influence on young people.)
3. Hans ord hade ingen som helst påverkan på mig.
   (His words had no effect whatsoever on me.)

22. att redogöra verb

To give a detailed and factual account, report, or explanation of something, often in a structured and systematic way.

Context: The verb 'att redogöra' is used in formal, academic, or professional contexts. It implies giving a structured, detailed, and factual presentation of information, rather than just a casual story. You might redogöra for a project's progress at work, for historical events in an essay, or for a sequence of events in a report.

Examples:

1. Kan du redogöra för vad som hände på mötet?
   (Can you give an account of what happened at the meeting?)
2. I uppsatsen måste du redogöra för orsakerna till revolutionen.
   (In the essay, you must account for the causes of the revolution.)
3. Vittnet var tvunget att redogöra för vad hon hade sett.
   (The witness had to report what she had seen.)

23. att tillverka verb

To create or make something, typically through an industrial process involving raw materials and machinery. It's synonymous with 'to manufacture' or 'to produce'.

Context: The word 'tillverka' is used when talking about the creation of goods, especially in an industrial or factory setting. It's the standard term for manufacturing or producing physical items, from cars and furniture to electronics and food products.

Examples:

1. Företaget tillverkar bilar i Sverige.
   (The company manufactures cars in Sweden.)
2. De kommer att börja tillverka den nya modellen nästa år.
   (They will start to produce the new model next year.)
3. Denna ost är tillverkad lokalt.
   (This cheese is produced locally.)

24. att upphöra verb

To come to an end; to stop existing or happening.

Context: The verb 'att upphöra' is a more formal way of saying 'to stop' or 'to end' (att sluta). It is often used in official announcements, legal documents, or when describing the cessation of a state or activity, such as rain stopping or a company ceasing operations.

Examples:

1. Regnet har upphört.
   (The rain has ceased.)
2. Avtalet upphör att gälla vid årsskiftet.
   (The agreement will cease to be valid at the end of the year.)
3. Företaget kommer att upphöra med sin verksamhet nästa månad.
   (The company will cease its operations next month.)

25. att utföra verb

To carry out, perform, or execute a task, action, or plan. It implies bringing something from a state of planning to completion.

Context: Used to describe the action of completing a planned task, duty, or operation. It's common in professional, technical, or formal settings, such as carrying out an experiment, performing a surgery, or executing an order.

Examples:

1. Kirurgen måste utföra en komplicerad operation.
   (The surgeon has to perform a complicated operation.)
2. Vi har anlitat ett företag för att utföra renoveringen.
   (We have hired a company to carry out the renovation.)
3. Polisen utförde en grundlig undersökning av brottsplatsen.
   (The police carried out a thorough investigation of the crime scene.)